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Mississauga

1224 Dundas Street West

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Sciatica

Sciatica can be experienced as pain, tingling, numbness and weakness of the affected leg, and is caused by a “pinched nerve”, typically due to a herniated disc or back arthritis.  

The nonsurgical treatments include physical rehabilitation, meditation and mindfulness, lifestyle modifications, medications and injections.

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Condition Causes

  1. Herniated Disc: The most common cause of sciatica is a herniated disc. When a disc between the vertebrae ruptures or bulges, it can compress or irritate the nearby sciatic nerve roots, leading to sciatic pain.
  2. Spinal Stenosis: Spinal stenosis refers to the narrowing of the spinal canal, which can put pressure on the sciatic nerve or its roots. This narrowing may result from age-related degeneration, bone spurs, or thickened ligaments.
  3. Piriformis Syndrome: The piriformis muscle, located in the buttocks, can sometimes irritate or compress the sciatic nerve, causing sciatica-like symptoms. This condition, known as piriformis syndrome, can occur due to muscle tightness, injury, or overuse.
  4. Spondylolisthesis: In spondylolisthesis, a vertebra slips forward onto the vertebra below it, potentially pinching the sciatic nerve roots and causing sciatic pain.
  5. Lumbar Spinal Tumors or Infections: Rarely, sciatica can be caused by tumors or infections in the lumbar region, which can exert pressure on the sciatic nerve or its roots.

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Condition Treatments

  1. Conservative Treatments: In most cases, sciatica can be successfully managed with conservative treatments. These include:
    • Pain Medications: Over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help reduce pain and inflammation associated with sciatica. In severe cases, prescription medications like muscle relaxants or oral steroids may be recommended.
    • Physical Therapy: Physical therapy plays a crucial role in relieving sciatica symptoms and preventing recurrence. It involves targeted exercises and stretches to strengthen the back, improve flexibility, and correct posture. Additionally, therapists may use techniques such as hot or cold therapy, ultrasound, or electrical stimulation to alleviate pain and promote healing.
    • Epidural Steroid Injections: For individuals with severe pain, corticosteroid injections into the space surrounding the affected nerve roots (epidural space) can provide temporary relief by reducing inflammation.
  2. Surgical Intervention: If conservative treatments fail to provide relief or if the underlying cause of sciatica requires surgical intervention, several procedures may be considered:
    • Discectomy: A discectomy involves removing the herniated portion of a disc that is pressing on the sciatic nerve, thus relieving the compression.
    • Laminectomy: In cases of spinal stenosis, a laminectomy may be performed to remove the back part of the affected vertebra, creating more space for the nerve roots and reducing pressure on the sciatic nerve.
    • Microdiscectomy: This minimally invasive procedure involves removing a small portion of a herniated disc that is causing sciatic pain, with the aid of specialized instruments and a microscope.
  3. Lifestyle Modifications: Alongside medical treatments, certain lifestyle modifications can help manage and prevent sciatica:
    • Exercise: Engaging in regular low-impact exercises like walking, swimming, or cycling can improve spinal health, strengthen muscles, and alleviate sciatic pain.
    • Maintaining Proper Posture: Practicing good posture while sitting, standing, and lifting heavy objects can reduce stress on the spine and minimize the risk of sciatica.
    • Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight can alleviate strain on the back and reduce pressure on the sciatic nerve.

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Conclusion

Sciatica, characterized by pain radiating along the sciatic nerve, can significantly impact an individual’s daily life. By understanding the common causes of sciatica and the available treatment options, individuals can seek appropriate care and effectively manage their symptoms. Conservative treatments, including pain medications, physical therapy, and epidural steroid injections, are usually the first line of approach. Surgical intervention may be considered for severe or persistent cases. Additionally, lifestyle modifications such as regular exercise, proper posture, and weight management can help prevent and alleviate sciatic pain. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment plan to ensure effective management of sciatica and promote a return to an active, pain-free life.

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